2023.” Mathematics 13, no.
Device
Authentication59
Plug Charge
(via ISO 15118)
Uses PKI-based mutual authentication between and
charger.
TLS 1. Link
58
National Institute Standards and Technology (NIST). Hopkinton, MA: Modbus Organization. EEBUS Specifications Overview: Interoperability Smart Energy Networks. Simplifies user
interaction and ensures trusted V2H participation.
Standard /Protocol
. Modbus Application Protocol Specification V1. 2021. Certificates are managed via V2G Root CAs or
OEM-issued sub-CAs (e.
Link
57
Modbus Organization. 2021. Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF). Plug Charge Ecosystem Overview.S., via Hubject).1b. Network Time Protocol Version Protocol and Algorithms Specification. Guidelines for the Selection, Configuration, and Use of
Transport Layer Security (TLS) Implementations. Link
59
Hubject GmbH. Mandated ISO 15118-20 protect EV-
charger communication from cyber threats such as
spoofing man-in-the-middle attacks. Department of
Commerce.
Implementation can follow frameworks like IEC 62443 or
NIST 800-82. Not yet standardized; currently applied
in research pilots and advanced grid-integrated systems.V., al. Link
61
Mills, David L. Cologne: EEBUS. NIST 800-52 Revision Gaithersburg, MD: U. Link
Communication and Cybersecurity Standard/ Protocols
Functionality
Charger
HEMS56,57
Modbus EEBUS EEBUS enables secure and seamless energy coordination
among EV, HEMS, and DERs. 2020.
Cybersecurity
Monitoring60
Local IDS /
anomaly detection
Detects spoofing, unauthorized access, and abnormal
system behaviour.PAGE VEHICLE-TO-HOME (V2H) SYSTEMS
HANDBOOK
56 61
56
EEBUS Initiative e. “Anomaly Detection Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Using
Machine Learning. 712. RFC 5905.
Time
Synchronization61
NTP (residential) NTP suitable for log/event alignment and scheduling
in V2H. 2010. 2006.g. Modbus, while widely used,
lacks semantic modeling and native cybersecurity, suitable
for basic legacy residential setups. Berlin: Hubject. Link
60
Kour, Ravinder, Surender Soni, and Vinay Chamola.3 PKI
Communication
Security58
Ensures encrypted data exchange and mutual
authentication
