- Smart meter provides local energy logging and
system awareness but not grid billing.PAGE VEHICLE-TO-HOME (V2H) SYSTEMS
HANDBOOK
The three architectures depicted illustrate
practical implementations V2H systems
under varying operational modes1
., solar PV) the
primary power source.
- Sub-meter tracks energy uses separately to
support energy accounting and control logic.
charging and household loads, with the
capability export excess energy.
These architectures, detailed our
published book chapter demonstrate how
coordinated control and bidirectional energy
flow enhance flexibility, sustainability, and
grid support.
- Surplus renewable energy not used locally can be
exported the grid through Export path.
Figure (Islanded Operation) presents a
grid-independent configuration where local
generation and storage fully support the
home and EV, enabling resilient energy
supply during outages.
Possible Architectures V2H Operation
Description
Local
Renewable
Energy
Maximization
Architecture
(Figure 6)
- Sub-meter isolates consumption for
performance tracking.
Figure (Peak Load Management)
showcases grid-connected setup where
the Load Management System (LMS)
coordinates with the and smart meters to
shift energy use and mitigate peak demand.
- LMS coordinates energy supply from EV, storage,
and renewables based real-time demand and
SoC.
Figure (Local Renewable Energy
Maximization) highlights the integration of
on-site renewable energy and optional
storage prioritize local generation for EV
1
Mitra, Indradip, Zakir Rather, Angshu Nath, and Sahana Lokesh.
Components Involved
.
- usage maximized, curtailment reduced,
and grid dependence minimized.
- Optional Energy Storage System (ESS) stores
excess for later use.
- and optional ESS serve dispatchable energy
sources meet critical local loads." Energy Smart Appliances: Applications, Methodologies, and Challenges, 263–300.
- On-site renewable energy (e.
- Ensures system resiliency and continuity supply
during prolonged outages off-grid settings.g.
Islanded
Operation
Architecture
(Figure 7)
Distribution Board,
EVSE, LMS, Smart
Meter (local use),
Sub Meter, EV, Local
Loads, On-site
Renewable Source,
Optional ESS
- Operates fully disconnected mode from the grid
(islanded mode); grid import disabled. 2023. IEEE.
- EVSE enables bidirectional energy flow between
EV and household/local loads. "Electric Vehicles Smart Appliances for Residential
Energy Management
