2.Steel break Pull-through Pulling out
Concrete break-out Columns
2.5 Failure criteria
Different failure criteria occur depending the
mounting arrangement and load the anchors.
Under tensile load, these are:
• Steel break
• Pulling out
• Pull-through
• Concrete break-out
• Columns
The following reasons for failure occur with transverse
loads:
• Steel break through shearing
• Concrete edge break
• Concrete break-out the side away from the load
Concrete edge break Steel break Concrete break-out the side away
from the load
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Chapter The external lightning protection system
