a
result, the supply companies encourage installation engineers improve their power factor
to value close and sometimes charge penalties the power factor falls below 0. There may also the problem higher voltage drops the supply cables.6 900 W
φ
∴
The power factor most industrial loads lagging because the machines
and discharge lighting used industry are mostly inductive. When this capacitor current added the
load current shown Fig 10. This causes
an additional magnetizing current drawn from the supply, which
does not produce power, but does need supplied, making supply
cables larger.
POWER FACTOR CORRECTION
Most installations have low bad power factor because the inductive
nature the load.4:
I
1840
230 4
20
W
V
A
. the p.
Figure 10. Calculate the
current each power factor.8 and 0.
It can seen from these calculations that 1.84 load supplied power factor 0.
The current given by:
I
P
V
cos φ
where 1.9(b) the resultant load current has much
improved power factor. 10.Alternating current theory and electrical machines
203
For (d):
P VI
P
cos (W)
150 0.4
would require 20A cable, while the same load unity power factor could supplied with
an cable.9(c).4.8.f.8
10A
For p.84kW loads with power factors 0.
. then:
I
1840
230 1
8
W
V
A
For p.9(a) shows industrial load with low power factor. 0. capaci-
tor connected parallel with the load, the capacitor current leads
the applied voltage 90°.f.8:
I
1840
230
W
V 0. capacitor has the opposite effect inductor, and
so seems reasonable add capacitor load which known have
a lower bad power factor, for example, motor.f. 0.
Example 3
A 230V supply feeds three 1.84 1840 and 230V. However, using slightly bigger capacitor, the load
current can pushed until ‘in phase’ with the voltage can be
seen Fig
