The cylinder without ports any kind
and air-tight except small leakage may
occur through the bearings which experi-
45 enee has shown need not fitted with any
very considerable accuracy. The
movement the piston either direction
ceases when the force tending impel and 80
the momentum which has acquired are
counterbalanced the increasing pressure
of the steam compressed air that end of
the cylinder toward which moving and
as its movement the piston has shut off 85
a given point, the pressure that impelled it
and established the pressure that tends re
turn it, then impelled the opposite di
rection, and this action continued long
as the requisite pressure applied.
To explain now the operation the device
above described. Ex
haust ports extend through the walls of
iS the cylinder and are formed with branches
that open into the interior the cylinder on
each side the inlet ports and opposite
sides the cylinder. The bear
ings the cylinder extend through the
50 jacket the outside air and the chamber
between the cylinder and jacket made
steam air tight suitable packing. source of
steam compressed air then connected
to the inlet ports the cylinder and 75
a movement imparted the piston by
a sudden blow, the latter caused recip
rocate manner well understood. any
given engine this kind the normal press
ure will produce stroke determined
length, and this will increased dimin
ished according the increase pressure 120
above the reduction pressure below the
normal.
I not consider special importance
25 the particular construction and arrangement
of the cylinder, the piston and the ports for
controlling it, except that desirable that
all the ports, and more especially, the ex
haust ports should made very much lai’ger
30 than usually the case, that force due
to the action the steam compressed air
will tend retard affect the return the
piston either direction.514,169
constant rigidity obtained, but the air or
gas within the cylinder may maintained
at any pressure.
In the particular form engine shown, the
60 jacket which contains the cylinder pro
vided with flange 1
S
Tby which screwed
to the end the cylinder small cham
ber thus formed which has air vents P
in its sides and drip pipes leading out from
65 through which the oil which collects it
is carried off. This action the plunger
upon the air contained the opposite ends
of the cylinder exactly the same princi- 100
pie though the piston rod were connected
to the middle point coiled spring, the
ends which are connected fixed supports. the position the parts
shown, when the piston the middle
point its stroke, the plunger the 70
center the cylinder and the air both
sides the same the normal pressure,
of the outside atmosphere.
In order describe the best manner of
5 which aware which the invention is
or may carried into effect, refer now to
the accompanying drawing which represents
in central cross-section engine embodying
my improvements,
io the main cylinder which works a
piston Inlet ports pass through the
sides the cylinder, opening the middle
portion thereof and opposite sides. Similarly 95
the back stroke the air compressed the
opposite side the plunger and tends to
drive forward. The rate period recipro- 130
cation the piston however more de
pendent upon the pressure applied drive
. forward stroke com
presses the air ahead the plunger which
acts spring return it.
In constructing the apparatus allow for a
variation the length stroke giving to
the confining cylinder the air spring 125
properly determined dimensions.
Consequently the two chambers may con
sidered single spring. The 90
movements the piston compress and rarify
the air the cylinder opposite ends of
the same alternately. The compressions 105
of the air the cylinder and the conse
quent loss energy due mainly the im
perfect elasticity the air, give rise very
considerable amount heat.
The piston formed with two circumfer-
20 ential grooves which communicate
through openings the piston with the
cylinder opposite sides said piston re
spectively. This heat I
utilize conducting the steam compressed o
air the engine cylinder through the cham
ber formed the jacket surrounding the air
spring cylinder. The heat thus taken and
used raise the temperature the steam or
air acting upon the piston availed in- 115
crease the efficiency the engine.
The main supply pipe for steam com
pressed air leads into this chamber, and the
55 two pipes that lead the cylinder run
from the said chamber, oil cups being con
venient^ arranged deliver oil'into the said
pipes for lubricating the piston.
The piston secured piston rod II,
35 which works suitable stuffing boxes the
heads the cylinder This rod pro
longed one side and extends through bear
ings cylinder suitably mounted or
supported line with the first, and within
40 which disk plunger carried the
rod II. The greater
the pressure upon the piston, the higher will
be the degree compression the air-spring,
and the consequent counteracting force upon
the plunger. The cylinder I
is surrounded jacket which leaves an
open space chamber around it
