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The has set
ambitious targets intended limit global
warming more than 2°C compared with
pre-industrial levels: –20% 2020 and
–40% 2030 compared with 1990 emission
levels.88
The Lighting Handbook
Introduction History electric lighting, overview
Our ancestors had make with natural
sunlight for many thousands years.
Professional lighting accounts for approxi-
mately 80% this figure, and lighting in
private homes accounts for roughly 20%. Our modern life-
style not viable without artificial lighting. Even our outdoor envi-
ronment illuminated, either for traffic
management purposes obtain decora-
tive effects.
We live 24-hour society and spend most
of our time indoors.
Demand for artificial lighting therefore
huge, and have high expectations it:
we expect artificial lighting available
any time, anywhere and the required
quality and expect produced
affordably and eco-friendly ways.
Light production
Light can produced large number of
different ways naturally artificially. was industri-
alisation that brought really revolutionary
changes its wake: first gas, then elec
tricity
became the dominant method of
distributing energy and producing light.
Saving energy that used for lighting
therefore also saves CO2.
The lighting industry has come with a
wide variety different types lamps since
1879 when Thomas Alva Edison invented
the incandescent lamp and manufactured it
on industrial scale.
That equivalent the emission climate-
relevant greenhouse gases amounting to
roughly 600 million tonnes CO2 year. The most important criteria for modern
light sources are lighting quality and effi-
ciency low energy consumption and long
service life.
Light produced cost-effectively using
four main groups light sources:
– Thermal light sources
– Low-intensity discharge lamps
– High-intensity discharge lamps
– Semiconductor light sources
. Individual lamps differ
in terms their design and output and,
especially, the way which they produce
light.
Artificial electric lighting has been an
almost ubiquitous feature everyday life for
more than 130 years now.
Modern light sources are now highly effi-
cient and produce good-quality light. then became possible use
light and heat purposefully, and artificial
lighting has extended the natural day length
ever since. Lighting
in Europe nevertheless still accounts for 14%
of all energy consumption (and around 19%
of worldwide energy consumption). The
story how humans first learned use light
begins 500000 years ago when they first
tamed fire.
Wood, tallow, fat and oil were burned to
provide light for many years
