the
right hand valve shut off and the fluid §5
supplied through the second pipe, the runner
is rotated tne direction the dotted ar
row, the operation, and also the performance
remaining the same before, the central
ring being bored circle with this purpose 90
in view. Fig.
In order bring out distinctive feature. ob
served that the resistance the passage of
the fluid between the plates is, approxi
mately,* proportionate the square the
40 relative speed, which maximum the
direction toward the center and equal to
the full tangential velocity the fluid. The expansion takes place chiefly
along the spiral path, for the spread in
ward opposed the centrifugal force
*5 due the velocity whirl and the great
resistance radial exhaust.
In the preceding has been assumed that
the pressure supply constant con
tinuous, but will understood that the
operation will be, essentially the same the 75
pressure fluctuating intermittent, as
that due explosións occurring more <
less rapid succession. Since the
centrifugal head increases the square of
the revolutions, even more rapidly, and 125
with modern high grade steel great periph
eral velocities are practicable, possible
to attain that condition single stage
machine, more readily the runner of
large diameter. When the ex
pansion the nozzles complete, nearly
so, the fluid pressure the peripheral clear
ance space small; the nozzle made
less divergent and its section enlarged, the
65 pressure rises, finally approximating that of
the supply. while
illustrative special case, may re
garded typical this respect. The1 machine will then
work rather like turbine, absorbing the
energy kinetic momentum the particles
as they whirl, with continuously decreasing
speed, the exhaust. For the same reasons but one opera
tive port nozzle illustrated which might
be adapted volute but does not fit best
a circular bore. the motor, the
contrary, the first named pressure, being op-
10 posed that supply, reduces the effective
head and the velocity radial flow toward
the center. But it
may pointed out that one respect, at
least, the two machines are essentially dif
ferent.
Many other considerations, which will nat-
30 urallv suggest themselves, may affect the de
sign and construction, but the preceding is
thought contain all necessary informa
tion this regard. But the transition from purely
impulsive expansive action may not be
continuous throughout, account criti
cal states and conditions and comparatively
great variations pressure may caused
by small changes nozzle velocity.
25 assume, the first place, that the motive
medium admitted the disk chamber
through port, that channel which it
traverses with nearly uniform velocity. In
this case, the machine will operate a
SO rotary engine, the fluid continuously ex
panding its tortuous path the central
outlet.
Still another valuable and probably 105
unique quality such motors prime mov
ers may described. proper construc
tion and observance working conditions
the centrifugal pressure, opposing the pas
sage the fluid, may, already indicated, o
be made nearly equal the pressure sup
ply when the machine running idle. the pump, the radial static
5 pressure, due centrifugal force, added
to the tangential dynamic, thus increas
ing the effective head and assisting the
expulsion the fluid. Obviously this problem 130
. ^The same result may obtained
in many other ways specially designed
valves, ports nozzles for reversing the
flow, the description which omitted
here the interest simplicity and clear- 95
ness.
55 The above description the operation, I
may add, suggested experience and ob-'
servation, and advanced merely for the
purpose explanation. will understood that
a number suitable inlets may provided 100
around the periphery ]of the runner im
prove the action and that the construction
of the machine may modified many
ways.1,061,206 O
transmitter, the receiver both.
A very desirable feature, characteristic of
machines constructed and operated ac- so
cordance with this invention, their capa
bility reversal rotation. Next, assume that the fluid
is admitted the disk chamber not through
a port, but diverging nozzle, device con
verting wholly part, the expansive into
80 velocity-energy. The undeniable
fact that the machine does operate, both
60 expansively and impulsively.
The path least resistance, necessarily
taken obedience universal law of
45 motion is, virtually, also that least rela
tive velocity. If
the inlet section large, small changes in
the speed revolution will produce great
differences flow which are further en- 115
hanced the concomitant variations the
length the spiral path. Again, the propelled machine
a great torque always desirable, this call
ing for increased number disks and
15 smaller distance separation, while the
propelling machine, for numerous economic
reasons, the rotary effort should the small
est and the speed the greatest practicable. self-regulating
machine thus obtained bearing striking
resemblance direct-current electric mo
tor this respect that, with great differences 120
of impressed pressure wide open chan
nel the flow the fluid through the same is
prevented virture rotation
