R
enew
edJune 17, 1902. This problem
was rendered extremely difficult owing the
immense dimensions the planet, and conse- 95
quently enormous movement electricity or
rate which electrical energy had de
livered order approximate, even re
mote degree, movements rates which are
manifestly attained the displays elec- 100
. SerialM
o
. 112,034,
To conocrn:
Be know Nikola kkla, citizen
of the nited States, sid the borough
of anhattan, city, county, and State
S New ork, have discovered new and useful
Im the rto ran ittin lec-
trical erg the atural edia, of
which tile following specification, refer
ence being had raw sacco g
and form ing the same. 787,412, dated April 18, 1905.
U .Patented April 18, 1905. also known that
electrical disturbances may transmitted
2o through portions the earth grounding
only one the poles the source, and this
fact have made use systems which I
have devised for the purposes transmitting
through the natural media intelligible signals
25 or-power and which are now familiar; hutali
experiments and observations heretofore made
have tended confirm the opinion held by
the majority scientific men that the earth,
owing its immense extent, although pos-
3® sessing conducting properties', does not be
have the nmnner conductor limited
dimensions with respect the disturbances
produced, but, the contrary, much like a
vast reservoir ocean, which while may be
35 locally disturbed commotion some
kind remains unresponsive and quiescent in
a large part whole. 787.
It known since long time that electric
■currents may propagated through the
earth, and this knowledge lias been 'Utilized
in many ways the transmission signals
iS and the operation variety receiving de
vices remote from the source energy,
mainly with the obje'ct dispensing with a
return conducting-wiro.
In the course certain investigations
which carried for the purpose studying 60
the effects of'lightning discharges upon the
electrical condition the earth observed
that sensitive receiving instrumentsarranged
so capable responding electrical-
disturbances created the discharges 65
times failed respond when theyshould have
done so, and upon inquiring into the causes
of this unexpected behavior Idiscovered to
be due the character the electrical waves
which were produced the earth the 70
lightning discharges and which had nodal re
gions following definite distances the shift
ing source the disturbances.412. Recognizing the
existence these waves unmistakable ovi- 85
dence that the disturbances created had been
conducted from their origin the most re
mote portions the globe and had been
thence reflected, conceived the idea pro
ducing sucli waves the earth artificial 90
means with the object utilizing them tor
many useful purposes for which they are or
might found applicable.No. Still another fact
now common knowledge that when elec
trical waves oscillations are impressed upon
4° such conducting-patli metallic wire re
flection takes place under certain .
N V.conditions
from the ends the wire, and consequence
of the interference the impressed and re
flected oscillations the phenomenon sta-
45 tionary waves” with maxima and minima in
definite fixed . .
A
pplicationfiledM
ay16,1900. From data
obtained large number observations
of the maxima and minima these waves 75
found their length vary approximately
from twenty-live seventy kilometers, and
these results and certain theoreticaLdeduc-
tions led the conclusion that waves of
this kind maybe propagated all directions 80
over the globe and that they may still
more widelydifferinglengths,tlieextreme lim
its being imposed the physical dimensions
and propertiesof theearth.
ART TRANSMITTING ELECTRICAL ENERGY THROUGH THE NATURAL MEDIUMS,
SPECIFICATION forming' part Letters Patent No.positions produced. any
casethe existence these waves indicatesthat
someiof the outgoing waves have reached the
boundaries the conducting-path and have
50 beeh reflected, from the same. Now have
discovered that notwithstanding its vast di
mensions and contrary all observations
heretofore made the terrestrial globe may in
a large part whole behave toward dis
turbances impressed upon the same man- 55
ner conductor limited size, this fact
being demonstrated novel phenomena,
which shall hereinafter describe
