Panasonic is part of a large worldwide groupselling relays and associated switching products under different brand names in different territories.The conditions of use in some territories may differ from those customary in Europe. In particular there are often major differences in regard to national and international specifications, such as UL, CSA, VDE, SEV, EVE, SEMKO, etc. Thus, when considering contact loads as stated in this catalogue (e.g. 10 A, 30 VDC for the SP relay) its hould be understood that these values are not necessarily an absolute maximum but tested ratings. Mostly the stated value has been tested for a certain life expectancy as stated by the manufacturer or the respective test house. Thus, under different conditions, the stated “maximum” may, in practice, be safely exceeded.
MTBF
M tim e
b ilu n
tim rio ,
e lly
b ir. lia ility f
re ira as
“ lia ility .
Availability
3.Reliability
RELIABILITY
[1] WHAT RELIABILITY?
1. Degree Reliability
D lia ility ts
p tio lia ility r
e lig s
fa ile f
re lia ility fin in, tim is
1 s
re liv lia ility is
3 .
M ilu fin llo :
M ilu ilu t/
to tin rs
In ilu to
m ilu ts
th ility ,
e rt, tin d
n tio rta f
tim lty t
s ifie tim rio . Maintainability
MTTR
Preventive maintenance, predicted
maintenance
3. MTTF
M tim to
fa ilu tim rio d
u til lty F
n lly lie ira ts
s rts ria .9%
MTBF 100hours
MTTF 100hours
FailurerateX 20fit,1%/hour
SafelifeB10 50hours
(a) R(T)
(b) MTTF
1. Design reliability
Human factor, redundancy,
fool-proof, fail-safe
[2] RELIABILITY MEASURES
T llo list e
m lia ility :
Reliabilitymeasure Sample
representation
DegreeofreliabilityR(T) 99.
T tiv f
M .e. F
o lie ira .
T tin e
n fin ite t
ha it
Reliability
(broad sense)
a it.
.
2. Intrinsic Reliability and Reliability
of Use
R lia ility ilt” is
re rre trin lia ility h
c lia ility rro w
se .
T fin e
d lia ility llo :
T ility ,
e ifie d
fu tio tio n
u ifie itio . Reliability Narrow Sense the
Term
In tria rld lia ility an
in rtic t
s ith ilu . Failure Rate
F ilu ilu te
a ilu te.
P lia ility r's ite is
c lle lia ility ts
m lia ility In
th try lia ility a
s ific .
3.
P t/c lly ys.
ds_x61_en_relay_technical_information_091112D 631
T
TechnicalInfo.
2.
M lls be
u ith ir.
1.
4.
S tim t
th life tim ilu . Reliability (narrow sense), durability
Long life time: MTTF, Bio R(T),
Low failure rate: Lamda (^), MTBF
2. Reliability Broad Sense the
Term
E fin ite life tim .
F ira ir
s ility ility r
p itio lia ility t
d rio r
th rin try rt,
re lia ility i.
F ilu fte e
u t/h rts ith w
fa ilu “fa ilu it) 10-9 /
h fte ilu te. lia ility
o its lf, ility e
p lia ility
