EDISON LABORATORY Edison National Historic Site West Orange, New Jersey Volume 1

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71 70 Employee Records, Edison Laboratory Time Sheets, 1918, Box 115. 72 Miller Reese Hutchison Diary, January 1921. Hutchison also notes that Edison "clipped Charles’ wings. During the war there were about 8,000 men the whole Edison complex compared with about 3,000 the turn the century. the end the hostilities there may have been many 11,000 men employed Edison at West Orange.70 After the initial loss workers the armed forces, there was rapid increase the labor force, covering both laboratory and factory employees. Edison responded this crisis discharging thousands of employees from factory laborers John Constable, chief engineer the laboratory. The process specialization and bureaucratization can seen the emergence a new kind employee West Orange, the accountant and financial analyst. There were around 180-190 men work the laboratory during World War I. When returned West Orange after working for the government during the war, Edison was concerned about the hard times ahead; correctly anticipated greater competition his core phonograph and storage battery businesses. The old work culture which glorified personal initiative and operated in an environment chaos was being slowly replaced.generalists the nineteenth century. Lines authority were constantly being redefined and strict hierarchy was maintained the West Orange laboratory after 1914. The laboratory work force was reorganized several times during this period.72 1921, was estimated that less than 2000 workers remained in the factories West Orange. from 1916 1921, first Employment Supervisor and then Director Personnel. But this was only temporary prosperity. The old era muckers—experimenters who worked with Edison-and all night experiments was over. The post-war depression hit hard 1921. 71 "The Business Activities Mark Jones," Mark Jones Papers, Box Jones was employed by Thomas Edison, Inc. This period marked slow decline after the boom World War 1917 government contracts created many new jobs West Orange and the work force increased significantly." 73 "Business Activities Mark Jones," Mark Jones Papers, Box 1.73 Retrenchment continued the financial 33 . the West Orange laboratory this movement can seen the type man hired the twentieth century. The professionalization the work force was widespread the American economy this time. its place was tightly run business operation